LREC 2000 - Abstracts

LREC 2000 2^nd International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation

Conference Papers and Abstracts

Papers and abstracts by paper title: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Papers and abstracts by ID number: 1-50, 51-100, 101-150, 151-200, 201-250, 251-300, 301-350, 351-377.

List of all papers and abstracts.

Paper Paper Title Abstract

155 Bootstrapping a Tagged Corpus through Combination of Existing Heterogeneous Taggers This paper describes a new method, COMBI-BOOTSTRAP, to exploit existing taggers and lexical resources for the annotation of corpora with new tagsets. COMBI-BOOTSTRAP uses existing resources as features for a second level machine learning module, that is trained to make the mapping to the new tagset on a very small sample of annotated corpus material. Experiments show that COMBI-BOOTSTRAP: i) can integrate a wide variety of existing resources, and ii) achieves much higher accuracy (up to 44.7 % error reduction) than both the best single tagger and an ensemble tagger constructed out of the same small training sample.

230 Building a Treebank for French Very few gold standard annotated corpora are currently available for French. We present an ongoing project to build a reference treebank for French starting with a tagged newspaper corpus of 1 Million words (Abeille et al., 1998), (Abeille and Clement, 1999). Similarly to the Penn TreeBank (Marcus et al., 1993), we distinguish an automatic parsing phase followed by a second phase of systematic manual validation and correction. Similarly to the Prague treebank (Hajicova et al., 1998), we rely on several types of morphosyntactic and syntactic annotations for which we define extensive guidelines. Our goal is to provide a theory neutral, surface oriented, error free treebank for French. Similarly to the Negra project (Brants et al., 1999), we annotate both constituents and functional relations.

220 Building a Treebank for Italian: a Data-driven Annotation Schema Many natural language researchers are currently turning their attention to treebank development and trying to achieve accuracy and corpus data coverage in their representation formats. This paper presents a data-driven annotation schema developed for an Italian treebank ensuring data coverage and consistency between annotation of linguistic phenomena. The schema is a dependency-based format centered upon the notion of predicate-argument structure augmented with traces to represent discontinuous constituents. The treebank development involves an annotation process performed by a human annotator helped by an interactive parsing tool that builds incrementally syntactic representation of the sentence. To increase the syntactic knowledge of this parser, a specific data-driven strategy has been applied. We describe the cyclical development of the annotation schema highlighting the richness and flexibility of the format, and we present some representational issues.

119 Building the Croatian-English Parallel Corpus The contribution gives a survey of procedures and formats used in building the Croatian-English parallel corpus which is being collected in the Institute of Linguistics at the Philosophical Faculty, University of Zagreb. The primary text source is newspaper Croatia Weekly which has been published from the beginning of 1998 by HIKZ (Croatian Institute for Information and Culture). After quick survey of existing English-Croatian parallel corpora, the article copes with procedures involved in text conversion and text encoding, particularly the alignment. There are several recent suggestions for alignment encoding and they are elaborated. Preliminary statistics on numbers of S and W elements in each language is given at the end of the article.

Paper	Paper Title	Abstract
155	Bootstrapping a Tagged Corpus through Combination of Existing Heterogeneous Taggers	This paper describes a new method, COMBI-BOOTSTRAP, to exploit existing taggers and lexical resources for the annotation of corpora with new tagsets. COMBI-BOOTSTRAP uses existing resources as features for a second level machine learning module, that is trained to make the mapping to the new tagset on a very small sample of annotated corpus material. Experiments show that COMBI-BOOTSTRAP: i) can integrate a wide variety of existing resources, and ii) achieves much higher accuracy (up to 44.7 % error reduction) than both the best single tagger and an ensemble tagger constructed out of the same small training sample.
230	Building a Treebank for French	Very few gold standard annotated corpora are currently available for French. We present an ongoing project to build a reference treebank for French starting with a tagged newspaper corpus of 1 Million words (Abeille et al., 1998), (Abeille and Clement, 1999). Similarly to the Penn TreeBank (Marcus et al., 1993), we distinguish an automatic parsing phase followed by a second phase of systematic manual validation and correction. Similarly to the Prague treebank (Hajicova et al., 1998), we rely on several types of morphosyntactic and syntactic annotations for which we define extensive guidelines. Our goal is to provide a theory neutral, surface oriented, error free treebank for French. Similarly to the Negra project (Brants et al., 1999), we annotate both constituents and functional relations.
220	Building a Treebank for Italian: a Data-driven Annotation Schema	Many natural language researchers are currently turning their attention to treebank development and trying to achieve accuracy and corpus data coverage in their representation formats. This paper presents a data-driven annotation schema developed for an Italian treebank ensuring data coverage and consistency between annotation of linguistic phenomena. The schema is a dependency-based format centered upon the notion of predicate-argument structure augmented with traces to represent discontinuous constituents. The treebank development involves an annotation process performed by a human annotator helped by an interactive parsing tool that builds incrementally syntactic representation of the sentence. To increase the syntactic knowledge of this parser, a specific data-driven strategy has been applied. We describe the cyclical development of the annotation schema highlighting the richness and flexibility of the format, and we present some representational issues.
119	Building the Croatian-English Parallel Corpus	The contribution gives a survey of procedures and formats used in building the Croatian-English parallel corpus which is being collected in the Institute of Linguistics at the Philosophical Faculty, University of Zagreb. The primary text source is newspaper Croatia Weekly which has been published from the beginning of 1998 by HIKZ (Croatian Institute for Information and Culture). After quick survey of existing English-Croatian parallel corpora, the article copes with procedures involved in text conversion and text encoding, particularly the alignment. There are several recent suggestions for alignment encoding and they are elaborated. Preliminary statistics on numbers of S and W elements in each language is given at the end of the article.